Steps To Become A Successful Christian

Presently several years back there carried on a rich man by the name of Sheik Albert, who had an exceptionally excellent little girl who's name is Princess Mila. Presently this man was as rich as anyone might imagine. He had an exceptionally enormous house, a farm, hectares of land and room brimming with the best gems and gold. Since he is getting old and there's nobody to succeed him, he chose to set up a gathering for his little girl's 1 eighth birthday celebration. So he conveyed his worker to pester once to each youthful instructed lone wolf out there that they were welcome to go to his little girl's birthday party.During the gathering, and hen everybody was there, Sheik Albert welcomed all the single guys to come outside to partake in a straightforward game. So when they were outside they saw this immense pool amassing with crocodiles in it. And afterward Sheik Albert reported to everybody, â€Å"anyone of you who can swim effectively over the pool from one end to the next will get what they need from me. They can have the hand of my girl in marriage, have my home, have my farm, have all my cash and†¦ The rich man wasn't done talking when they heard a boisterous sprinkle originating from the pool. So when they looked they saw this youngster swimming for his life, swimming as quick as possible to get to the opposite side of the pool. After a short battle and in Olympic record style he had the option to get off to the opposite side of the pool and getaway the rage of the crocodiles. After observing this the rich man was extremely upbeat and quickly met the man. He stated, â€Å"congratulations youngster for you are valiant, you have won this contest.And now for your prize I will let you pick your abundance. Do you need the hand of my girl in marriage? The youngster despite everything dousing wet ND looking confounded said † No sir, I would prefer not to wed your little girl. † The rich man was astounded so he asked again â€Å"do you need my chateau and my farm? † The kid said â€Å"no sir don't need your chateau and your ranch†. Do you need every one of my gems and my gold? † The kid addressed â€Å"no sir I don't need your farm. † So the rich man feeling irritated shouted: â€Å"Well for the love of God what do you need! The kid despite everything confounded replied: â€Å"l simply need realize who drove me into the pool. † The end.! The motivation behind why revealed to you this story is on the grounds that I'm certain we as a whole can relate ourselves to the poor kid. During the beginning of our Christian service we as a whole have been pushed here and there or another by concerned individuals to restore our relationship with Jesus Christ and to effectively take an interest in God's service. My push came at a perfect time, in light of the fact that as review it was probably the darkest time of my life. I call it dull on the grounds that I was unable to perceive any light, any e xpectation that my life would be better.I have just quit accepting there is a higher being out there who guides us and deals with Lamentations 3:2 ESP. ! He has driven and brought me into haziness with no light,;! Luckily there are individuals like Sheila who might remain determined just to carry the light of Jesus Christ to others who are as yet living in obscurity. So ensure you know the name of the individual who pushed you and on the off chance that they are here right presently please say thanks to them for doing whatever they needed to do to bring you here to the way of God's light. Since when they pushed you, you previously won the guarantee of God's salvation.Matthew 25134 ESP. ! At that point the King will say to those to his right side, ‘Come, you who are honored by my Father, acquire the realm arranged for you from the establishment of the world.! Presently how about we proceed onward to our theme for this evening. We are goanna talk today around evening time about the 7 stages to turning into an effective Christian. They state achievement is the achievement of a point or reason, as it were it is the accomplishment of one's objective. With the goal for us to be fruitful we Ernst initially have an objective we ought to focus on. So what is our objective as Christians? Christianity implies â€Å"little Christ†.We are attempting to be as much like Jesus as possible. He has set a model and we're putting forth a valiant effort to tail it.! 2 Corinthians 5. 17 E-SF/15 supportive votes! Thusly, on the off chance that anybody is in Christ, he is another creation. The old has died; view, the new has come.! We need to make arrangements to succeed. One thing I've learned is achievement isn't incidental. You're not going to coincidentally achieve your objectives. You must have an arrangement. In case you're goanna get to the correct goal, you goat realize where you're going and how you will get there.If you've at any point been at the sea shore, si mply drifting in the water, unwinding, you'll notice inevitably the ebb and flow has benefited you away. That is how it is throughout everyday life. On the off chance that we don't have obvious objectives, with an arrangement set up to achieve those objectives, we're not Anna end up at the opportune spot. Hymn 37:23-24 ESP. 1! The means of a man are set up by the Lord, when he savors the experience of his way; however he fall, he will not be thrown fast, for the Lord maintains his hand.! The initial step is to Read the Bible! In case we're ever goanna be genuine Christians we need to peruse the good book as well as to examine it.I heard someone state that â€Å"continuous learning is a base prerequisite for achievement in any field. † And with the end goal for us to be genuinely fruitful as Christians we need to reliably and contain partner find out about God's message for us. The holy book says! Joshua E-SF This Book of the Law will not withdraw from your mouth, however you contemplate it day and night, that might be mindful so as to do concurring is composed it. For then will clear a path prosperous, have great achievement. The holy book has been composed as a guide for us with the goal that we may know how God needs us to live each day.We should peruse and contemplate it since it is God's statement to us. It will assist you with realizing God better. At the point when we read the Bible, we are really tuning in to God's message to us.! I recall at an opportune time when was only a little child, when PCs were not yet as omnipresent as it is at this moment, my father purchased a recycled word receptors from a companion of his at a genuine deal. You know what a word processor resembles right? All things considered, it's a cross between an electric typewriter and a PC. It has a console, which is associated with a screen. It would seem that a personal computer yet the main thing it does is process word documents.It's progressively similar to a typewriter, the main distinction is that you can see message on the screen of the screen before you can really choose to print it on paper. My father was a modeler by calling, who in the end turned into a project supervisor for one of the pioneers in the hued material industry in the Philippines. Be that as it may, when the organization shut down he chose to arrangement his very own organization circulating roofing materials to his customers. He was formerly utilizing a typewriter to get ready value citations for the materials that he would send to his imminent customers.But when his companion considered him up to sell him their assertion processor at a deal cost on the grounds that their family was leaving for the states, he promptly snatched it imagining that it would make his work significantly simpler. So when the hardware at last showed up at our home, my father got energized and chose to attempt to utilize it. Regrettably, he discovered that it was not as simple to use as he suspected it would be. What's far more terrible is on the grounds that it's a recycled thing, it didn't accompany a guidance manual on the grounds that the proprietor had lost it during moving out.Don't misunderstand me, my father is truly keen person however with regards to devices and innovation, he's truly delayed at it. What's more, without that guidance manual gave by the maker of hardware, he would have not even the smallest opportunity to figure out how to utilize it. So he chose to return to utilizing typewriters. Also, what happened the word processor? Lotus sat ender his work area for quite a while until he chose to discard it.! My companions, this is what befalls us when we don't peruse the Bible. We become pointless as Christians.

To be Determined Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

To be Determined - Essay Example He is basically acceptable, however he, or his progenitors, have violated an ethical law †a law of the divine beings or the state. In the play we see him attempting to keep away from the outcomes of his offense however we realize that his possible thrashing is unavoidable that he can't maintain a strategic distance from the discipline that will come as a result of what he has done. Dante’s Inferno and Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey have their own heroes and disastrous saints. A few disasters like the issue plays of Dante and Homer may not end in death yet there is a feeling of bitterness or despairing or maybe of purposelessness in the way that life for the sad character must go on. On the off chance that the saint doesn't kick the bucket, yet those whom he adores or values are wrecked, we despite everything end up with a similar sort of feeling which his passing would give us. Despite the fact that writing, Homer’s and Dante’s, leaves us with a feeling of misfortune and catastrophe on the grounds that the legend has given us how respectable and great he is but then has been annihilated or crushed, we feel a particular sort of fulfillment since he has exhibited the estimation of human instinct and has given us how honorable and incredible man can be. We feel pleased with such a man as a deplorable saint and we feel lowered by the idea that we will most likely be unable to be as brave as he seemed to be. Dante’s Divina Comedia (Divine Comedy) ns become a smash hit. Why would that be? It might be on the grounds that most reasoning individuals today are significantly upset by the disintegration of qualities in our robotic human advancement, and are fumbling around looking for the everlasting verities of excellence and truth as a balancing out power in their lives. Dante â€Å"has encircled all the pieces of his gigantic observation inside an all out relationship of qualities and inside an all out sensation of reality†. (Mazzotta, 128) By the intensity of his own virtuoso and by the intensity of his figurative language we can interpret his specific

Creative Design Of Infrastructure In Bristol City - 4950 Words

Design Its Infrastructure Needs And Delivery (Case Study Sample) Content: DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION PROJECT OF CHAPEL PILL, A NEW SUSTAINABLE SETTLEMENT; ITS INFRASTRUCTURE NEEDS AND DERIVERY.OBJECTIVEThe purpose of the design is to demonstrate how the development of this area can be provided for a sustainable energy extension to Bristol which would increase a wide range of benefits for both the modern community and the existing residents Bristol city.INTRODUCTION.Energy is an important aspect of all our lives. We use energy, such as electricity and gas, to heat our homes as well as cook our food. Furthermore, the current energy system in Bristol is not working in good order for the civilians in the city. Bristol Energy Network is an umbrella organization formed by individuals and community groups interested on energy in Bristol and the surrounding markets.Ben, a single individual in the city has over thirty-member groups working towards a fair energy system. They are involved in many energy projects, including assisting people struggling to p ay their energy bills, advising people on how to decrease their energy use and raising some money for and installing community-owned renewable energy projects (installing solar panels on community buildings). This facilitates the need to indulge in energy sector as a infrastructure development aspect.METHODOLOGYPLANNING POLICIESThe development plan in Bristol city complies of the RS, Joint Structure Plan for the former Avon Area and Replacement North Somerset Local Plan June 2005. The upcoming Core Strategy has advanced to an upper stage. The Core Strategy Examination is always scheduled at November every year. The release Draft of the Core Strategy is therefore a material consideration and is considered below.The main Strategic system once adopted sets out future strategic objectives and policies for conservation and development in Northern part of the Bristol city.National GuidanceThe below mentioned planning policies and guidance are relevant in the design implementation: PPS3 :HousingPPS4:Planning for Economic GrowthPPG13: Transport contains the Governments advice in transport and landusePlan Applicable regulations within the Structure Plan includes * Policy3 Sustainable development. * Policy21 Employment. * Policy33 Housing requirement. * Policy28Design and Density of Housing.Replacement Local Plan (March 2007) Relevant Policies of the Adopted Local Plan are * GDP/1Location for Development. * GDP/3Promoting Good Design and Sustainable Construction. * H/2Proposed sitesfor newresidentialdevelopment. * H/3Residentialdensities.The merging Core Strategy policies of the emerging main Strategy Publication Draft relevant to the design are: * CS1Addressing climate changeand carbon reduction. * CS2Sustainable Design and Construction. * CS3Environmental Impacts andFRA. * CS5Landscape and Historic Environment. * CS10Transport and Movement. * CS11Parking; * CS13Scaleof newhousing. * CS14Distributionof newhousing. * CS15Mixed and balancedcommunities. * CS16Afforda ble Housing. * CS19Strategic Gaps; * CS20supporting asuccessful economy. * CS27Sport,recreation andcommunity facilities. * CS33Countryside. * CS34InfrastructureDelivery and Development Contributions. This document is intended to inform the Examination currently considering the submitted core strategy document.DATA REPRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS-MAPS AND PICTURESTHE GENERAL STRUCTURAL MAP OF THE BRISTOL CITYDISCUSSIONGENERAL STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY OF THE BRISTOL CITYGenerally, on a great perspective Bristol city is strategically well set to provide a room for higher quality and integrated sustainable number of infrastructures. It is well illustrated in the above map/plan by showing the internal connections within the city.Urban Context is located 5 Km from Bristol market and in close proximity to the existing built-up area to the north of the River i.e. the site has a good context. The existing scattered settlements of Pill and Ham Green are immediately opposite to the site. There is gre at opportunity to connect directly to the residential areas within the settlements to create a balanced, mixed-use sustainable community. Sustainable road Connections Strategically, the site offers a real opportunity to provide convenient and direct to Bristol City Centre.Railway A inter link between North Council to the Regional Growth Fund re-open the Portishead to Ashton line for public access was unsuccessful and other sources of funding will need to be generated. Growth at Chapel Pill could fund the above objective. Some varied opinions include the re-opening of the station at Pill, which would minimize walking time at a viable time to reach the center of town.The presence of a passenger rail service into Bristol city taking less time provides a real, cost-effective alternative to using the buses and this could provide the basis for a good sustainable form of development. A369 is a bus route. The site is immediately adjacent to it, one of the main strategic vehicle routes into Bristol from the east. Many of the traffic vehicles using this route originates in Portishead (nearly 10Km to the west of the site) and from the M5 Motorway.There is great chance of providing new Park and Ride facility at the connection on M5 and A369 as illustrated on the map opposite minimizes some of the long-distance commuter traffic. This could free up the A369 for more efficient passenger transport movements. The available bus travel services could be diverted through the new system to provide for efficient link to Bristol.The major ROUTE 33 runs through the site and offers an eye-catching feature, direct and vehicle-free route into Bristol market. A journey by cyclin form the site to the center of Bristol uses less than 40 minutes making bicycles to work in Bristol a real alternative for new residents of the area.The proposed rapid improvement changes on development would offer an opportunity to create proper management in the alignment and design of the route to further enc ourage its usefulness. The location is immediately opposite to Leigh Woods, which together with Ashton Court provide a very important green recreational resource for Bristol civilians. The proposed development provides an opportunity to extend this corridor by creating new parkland in the area that historically housed the setting of Leigh Court House.Map showing various infrastructure management improvements in Bristol cityMAP OF BRISTOL CITY SHOWING THE LEIGH COURT HOUSEMAP OF THE AREA OF INTEREST TO THE PROJECT WELL ANALYSEDTHE PARK IMAGE AND LOCATION OF THE ENERGY SYSTEMTHE ORGA...

Computer Virus A Virtual Program - 1170 Words

Computer Virus Definition A computer virus is a kind of program which is inserted several strings of computer codes that can destroy the function or date of computers. It can affect not only the computer which has been infected, but also a group of computers which are related to the infected one. Feature Though a computer virus is a virtual program or a section of executable code, it still seems like a biological virus, which have ability of self-propagation, mutual infection, and regeneration. Computer viruses can replicate themselves by a unique way. They can spread quickly but are often difficult to eradicate. They can attach themselves to various types of files. When files are copied or transferred from one user to another, they will†¦show more content†¦Once users update antivirus software or only the database in it, the viruses will be identified immediately. Many times, virus writers will slightly rewrite their viruses again by use of assembly instructions plus junk code or add a shell or more to easily protect their viruses escaping from detection of the antivirus software. Norton Antivirus, McAfee, PC-cillin from the United States, Kaspersky Anti-Virus from Russia, NOD32 from Slovakia, and other famous antivirus products which have a good reputation in the international community, are still limited by their abilites of detection and capabilities of shell check. The current total number of virus database are also only several hundred thousand or so, whereas there are over one hundred and thirty million new viruses discovered just last year. Self-renewal is another new feature of recent viruses. Virus can vary and be updated with help of a network. The latest version of the virus could avoid being killed and continue to run on the infected computers. The writer of Panda Virus created a virus update server which could update his virus eight times in a day, even faster than the frequency of some antivirus software updating their virus database. It would be no surprise that antivirus software cannot identify the virus. Apart from the two points above, many viruses also acquire new feature of against their enemies including antivirus software and

Comparing Nora From A Doll s House And Ophelia From The...

A Woman’s Life is Tragic: Comparing Nora from A Doll’s House and Ophelia from The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark William Shakespeare’s play The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark and Henrik Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House are both deemed tragedies, and thus in nature share many similarities. While common knowledge of what characteristics distinguish tragedy from other genres can lead readers and audiences alike to determine that Shakespeare’s Ophelia is a tragic character, it is much more difficult to determine whether or not Ibsen’s female lead character, Nora, is a tragic figure. In order to determine Nora’s status as a tragic figure, she will be compared to Ophelia, and there will be a thorough examination of her Greek tragedy traits. When examining the treatment of these two women, it is easy to recognize resemblances between them, but there are also strong contrasts. While these women face similar situations, their reactions set them apart and differentiate them from one another. Nora resembles Ophelia because she is unable to find a place in society where she can be respected and treated as an equal to a man, instead of being treated like property that is traded and owned. Partially due to the fact that she does not understand how society works, Nora has a weak sense of self. Above all, Nora is a tragic figure because she has a fatal flaw, or hamartia, which is her tendency to be manipulative and secretive. When Nora is compared with Ophelia she is most certainly

Nursing Fundamentals of Lung Auscultation

Question: Discuss about the Nursing for the Fundamentals of Lung Auscultation. Answer: 1. Severe dyspnoeacan be a cause of hypercapnia and hypoxia, consequences mainly from chemically tempted respiratory motor action. The severe breathlessness accompanying with severe hypercapnia is not an image of respiratory muscle action but quite a reflection of respiratory motor action. It has been found that acute breathlessness arises from amplifiedPCo2. Acute dyspnoeamay be associated with a pulmonary or cardiac abnormalities. Cardiac disorders that may precipitate dyspnoeainclude left ventricular systolic or diastolic dysfunction, intra-cardiac or extra-cardiac shunts, arrhythmias, pericardial disease, valvular disease, pulmonary hypertension and myocardial infarction (Janssen et al. 2011). The patient had a previous record of heart failure which suggest the presence of damaged heart muscle. Respiratory rate is an indicator of serious heart condition. 24 breaths/minute was the most important predictor of cardiac arrest in hospitals. Alveolar ventilation (a product of tidal volume and respiratory rate) is generally cautiously controlled by the activities of central and peripheral lung and chemoreceptors receptors. Ventilation is controlled by in cooperation of the arterial fractional pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCo2) and the arterial fractional pressure of oxygen (PaO2) with PaCo2being the most vital factor. The body efforts to treat hypercarbia and hypoxaemia by escalating both respiratory rate and tidal volume (Janssen et al. 2011). Thus these disorders can be spotted by assessing the respiratory rate. The patient showed a drop in oxygen saturation. It can be due to poor pulmonary function. According to Hoeper and Granton (2011), gaseous interchange could be changed even in mild failures. An arterialoxygen saturation rate under 90 percentorigins hypoxemia. This occurs when blood backs up in the pulmonic veins because the heart cannot keep up with the amount, initiating leak of fluid into the lungs and fluid accumulation in the tissues. It is very essential to note that once the oxygen saturation drops to between 80-85 percent it will rapidly fall away without the support of supplementary oxygen. Due to this cause that nurses should effort to keep oxygen saturations of a patient above 90 percent. The patient had a systolic pressure 170 and the diastolic pressure 95 which is a very high blood pressure of stage 2 level. The pathogenesis of high blood pressure can have different causes. Masip et al. (2012) and many other researchers have revealed a direct connection between the level and duration of elevated blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy. Diastolic dysfunction accompanied by LVH can lead to high blood pressure during heart failure. Sinus tachycardia was observed in the patient (pulse rate 110/minute). Tachycardia arises when an irregularity in the heart yields rapid electrical motions across the heart tissue. A heart failure that damage the heart tissue can cause it to accelerate (Masip et al., 2012). On auscultation crackles at the base of each lung must be caused by the opening of tiny air passages and alveoli collapsed due to exudate, fluid or lack of aeration during expiration. Pulmonary edema secondary to left-sided heart failurecan originate crackles (Bohadana et al. 2014). 2. First strategy to manage Mrs. Browns condition is to stabilize the declined cardiac output. In a short period (3-4 hours) planning of nursing interventions, the patient shall be contribute in actions that lessens the workload of the heart. After 24 to 48 hours of long term care, the patient should be capable to show hemodynamic strength. These nursing interventions include frequently monitoring of blood pressure and pulse rate because patient with heart problems can experience rennin-angiotensin mechanism; monitoring oxygen saturation and ABGs for checking the hearts capacity to perfuse distal tissues with O2 containing blood and implementing strategies to treat fluid and electrolyte inequities as it can reduce the danger for developing of cardiac output as a result of imbalances (Scherb et al., 2011). Providing oral care Q2 can be beneficial for conditions like Mrs. Brown. Venous congestion can result in increased capillary pressure. Fluid leaks out of the capillaries when hydrostatis pressure surpasses interstitial pressure. It can eventually cause edema in sacrum and legs. Elevation of legs upsurges venous reoccurrence to the heart (Felker et al., 2011). Monitoring distended neck veins and ascites indicates fluid overload. Oral care Q2 with diuretic therapy can be valuable for treating these problems. 3. IV furosemide constrains reabsorption of water in the nephron by checking the sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter in the thick ascending limb of the Henles loop. This is attained via competitive reticence at the chloride binding sites on the co-transporters, therefore stopping the transportation of sodium from the lumen into the basolateral interstitium. Adverse effects of this drug includes chest pain, fever, weakness, loss of appetite, sore throat, pain in upper stomach and back, breathlessness, wheezing, difficulty in urination, dark colored urine and stool, nausea and vomiting etc. During the treatment with furosemide the renal function should be monitored and renal ultrasonography may be needed. If the patient possess any liver illness, regular checking of the electrolytes is recommended (Fleg et al., 2011). As the body adjusts to the drug during treatment these adverse effects may go away.If any of the problems continue to occur, a change in medication must be done. Glyceryl trinitrate is a vasodilating drug which relaxes vascular smooth muscle and reduces pulmonary vascular resistance by dilating both venous and arterial beds. It produces nitric oxide as an active metabolite which is a potent activator ofguanylyl cyclase. Nitric oxide proliferates the level of cGMPwithin the cell which in turn triggers myosin light chain phosphatase through cGMP-dependent protein kinase. A low blood pressure, headaches, diarrhoea, dizziness, nausea and vomiting are adverse effects of GTN. Caution is essential in vulnerable patients like Mrs. Brown. Reporting suspected adverse reactions after application of the drug is important. It allows sustained nursing of the risk factors of the drug.Lowering of the patient's head or elevation of the legs may be beneficial in case of mild hypotension (Ferreira and Mochly-Rosen, 2012). Estimation of arterial blood gas should be done for examining acidosis. Oxygen therapy can also be given in certain cases. References Bohadana, A., Izbicki, G., Kraman, S. S. (2014). Fundamentals of lung auscultation.New England Journal of Medicine,370(8), 744-751. Endres, M., Heuschmann, P. U., Laufs, U., Hakim, A. M. (2011). Primary prevention of stroke: blood pressure, lipids, and heart failure.European heart journal,32(5), 545-552. Felker, G. M., Lee, K. L., Bull, D. A., Redfield, M. M., Stevenson, L. W., Goldsmith, S. R., ... Anstrom, K. J. (2011). Diuretic strategies in patients with acute decompensated heart failure.New England Journal of Medicine,364(9), 797-805. Felker, G. M., Lee, K. L., Bull, D. A., Redfield, M. M., Stevenson, L. W., Goldsmith, S. R., ... Anstrom, K. J. (2011). Diuretic strategies in patients with acute decompensated heart failure.New England Journal of Medicine,364(9), 797-805. Ferreira, J. C., Mochly-Rosen, D. (2012). Nitroglycerin use in myocardial infarction patients: risks and benefits.Circulation journal: official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society,76(1), 15. Fleg, J. L., Aronow, W. S., Frishman, W. H. (2011). Cardiovascular drug therapy in the elderly: benefits and challenges.Nature Reviews Cardiology,8(1), 13-28. Hoeper, M. M., Granton, J. (2011). Intensive care unit management of patients with severe pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine,184(10), 1114-1124. Janssen, D. J., Spruit, M. A., Uszko-Lencer, N. H., Schols, J. M., Wouters, E. F. (2011). Symptoms, comorbidities, and health care in advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or chronic heart failure. Journal of palliative medicine,14(6), 735-743. Katz, A. M., Konstam, M. A. (2012).Heart failure: pathophysiology, molecular biology, and clinical management. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Masip, J., Gay, M., Pez, J., Betbes, A., Vecilla, F., Manresa, R., Ruz, P. (2012). Pulse oximetry in the diagnosis of acute heart failure.Revista Espaola de Cardiologa (English Edition),65(10), 879-884. Scherb, C. A., Head, B. J., Maas, M. L., Swanson, E. A., Moorhead, S., Reed, D., ... Kozel, M. (2011). Most Frequent Nursing Diagnoses, Nursing Interventions, and Nursingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Sensitive Patient Outcomes of Hospitalized Older Adults With Heart Failure: Part 1.International journal of nursing terminologies and classifications,22(1), 13-22. Tanai, E., Frantz, S. (2014). Pathophysiology of heart failure. Comprehensive Physiology.

Minimum Price for Alcohol

Why it can Prevent Excessive Consumption The government’s intention to set the minimum price for alcohol products is based on the concept of price floors. Under this concept, the minimum selling price is set above the equilibrium prices (Frank, Bernanke Kaufman 2007, p. 71). For example, equilibrium price for Grant’s whisky was 11 pounds before the proposal. However, it will rise to 11.42 after implementing the proposal.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Minimum Price for Alcohol specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The increase in equilibrium price leads to a reduction in quantity demand. This is illustrated in figure 1 below. P 1 and Q1 represent the initial equilibrium price and quantity respectively. However, the equilibrium price will rise to P 2 after implementing the government’s proposal. When the price increases to P 2, the quantity demand will reduce from Q 1 to Q 2. This is because consumers will find alcohol products more expensive than they were initially (Frank, Bernanke Kaufman 2007, p. 73). This implies that raising the minimum price above the market equilibrium will reduce the consumption of alcohol. Figure 1: price floor P: price Q: quantity E: equilibriumAdvertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More S: supply curve D: demand curv Why the Proposal will not succeed in this Case Influencing the consumption of alcohol through price control depends on the price elasticity of its demand (Frank, Bernanke Kaufman 2007, p. 94). The demand for alcoholic drinks such as beer tends to be relatively inelastic due to the following reasons. First, the prices of alcoholic drinks in UK are very low due to the promotions run by supermarkets. For example, the price of a bottle of wine is as little as 2.03 pounds. This means that the price represents only a small perce ntage of consumer’s income. Thus the demand for alcohol will be inelastic since the consumers will not be sensitive to price changes (Frank, Bernanke Kaufman 2007, p. 95). Second, alcohol is a necessity to those who are addicted to it. Thus unless its price is significantly increased, consumers will still purchase it. Finally, loyalty to particular brands of alcohol will encourage consumers to maintain their level of consumption even if the prices are raised (Frank, Bernanke Kaufman 2007, p. 97). These trends indicate that the price of alcohol must be increased significantly in order to reduce its consumption. Thus the government’s proposal will fail because its new price proposals are not significantly high. It is for this reason that earlier proposals fixed the minimum price at 50p instead of 38p as proposed by the government.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Minimum Price for Alcohol specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/pag e Learn More Importance of the Concept of Scarcity and Opportunity Cost Scarcity implies that that the available resources can not satisfy all the needs of a country or a business (Pindyck Robinfeld 2009, p. 22). Scarce resources are only spent on projects associated with the highest levels of benefits. Thus scarcity leads to trade-offs when allocating resources. Trade-offs in this case means that some projects must be forgone due to lack of adequate resources. Such trade-offs are associated with opportunity costs which represent â€Å"the next best alternative† (Pindyck Robinfeld 2009, p. 23). Scarcity helps governments to realize the fact that they have limited resources. Opportunity cost on the other hand helps governments to asses the costs and benefits associated with their decisions in regard to resources allocation (Pindyck Robinfeld 2009, p. 23). Thus the main importance of the concept of scarcity and opportunity cost is that they help governments to make informed decisions on the use of their resources. This helps in maximizing the benefits resulting from efficient resource allocation. This can be illustrated by the alcohol market in UK. Scarcity in this case is represented by the fact that the government does not have enough resources to prevent the side-effects of alcohol consumption such as increased crime rate. The government must deicide on whether to promote consumption of alcohol in order to increase its GDP or reduce alcohol availability in order to protect the health of the citizens. This represents the trade-off that the government must make. Since the government has decided to reduce alcohol availability, the opportunity cost is represented by the revenue lost due to reduction in alcohol consumption. Thus the two concepts have helped the government to determine the level of alcohol production that is both beneficial to the producers and the citizens. Taxation of Alcohol, Cigarette and Petrol The above goods are taxe d for two reasons. First, they are taxed in order to generate revenue for supporting government operations (Pindyck Robinfeld 2009, p. 54). For example, the revenues are used to provide services such as education. Second, they are taxed to prevent market failure. Market failure occurs when the free market can not allocate resources efficiently (Pindyck Robinfeld 2009, p. 55). The above goods lead to market failure since their consumption is associated with negative externalities. A negative externality is â€Å"a cost not transmitted through prices, incurred by a party who did not agree to the activity causing the cost† (Pindyck Robinfeld 2009, p. 56). Air pollution is one of the negative externalities associated with the consumption of petrol and cigarette.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Increase in crime rate and road accidents are the negative externalities associated with alcohol consumption. Prevention of market failure through taxation is illustrated by figure 2 below. When the market equilibrium is at point E, the marginal cost associated with the private sector is less than that associated with public sector. This means that increasing the production of the good will be less beneficial. Thus in order to achieve the ideal equilibrium, pint D, the price must be raised to P 2. This is achieved through taxation in order to increase the price of the product. Figure 2: negative externality P: price Q: quantity E: actual equilibrium D: ideal equilibrium Reducing the Incidence for Alcohol Consumption Education Consumption of alcohol can be reduced if the public is educated on the effects of its consumption. As the citizens realize the side-effects of alcohol such as health risks, increased crime rate and road accidents, they will reduce alcohol consumption (Pindyck Robinfeld 2009, p. 66). This can be illustrated by figure 3 below. D 1 represents the demand for alcohol before introducing the education programs. At this level, the equilibrium price and quantity are P 1 and Q 1 respectively. After the education program, the demand curve will shift to D 2. Thus the quantity demanded at the same price, P 1, will reduce from Q 1 to Q 3. Following the reduction in demand, alcohol producers are likely to reduce the prices in order to encourage consumption. Consequently, the new equilibrium price and quantity will be P 2 and Q 2. The overall effect of education is that the quantity demanded will reduce from Q 1 to Q 2. Figure 3: demand-supply model P: price Q: quantity D: demand curve Taxation Taxation increases the price of alcohol. According to the law of demand, an increase in price translates into a reduction in the quantity demanded (Pindyck Robinfeld 2009, p. 67). Thus imposing taxes on alcohol will make it more expensive hence discouraging it s consumption. This can be illustrated by figure 4 below. Before imposing the tax, the equilibrium price and quantity will be P1 and Q 1 respectively. After imposing the tax, the price paid by buyers will increase to P2 while that received by sellers will reduce to P 3. Thus the quantity demanded will reduce from Q 1 to Q 2. Following the reduction in demand, the producers of alcohol will reduce the supply level. Thus the overall effect of taxation will be a reduction in the quantity demanded due to an increase in the price of alcohol. Figure 4: incidence of taxation P: price Q: quantity The Energy Market in UK In 2007, the government of UK introduced price control in the energy market (National-grid 2007). This involved lowering the prices of both electricity and gas. To achieve this objective, the government subsidized the production of both gas and electricity (National-grid 2007). The main goal of the price control was to lower the prices of gas and electricity so that many cit izens can afford to use them. Besides, the use of electricity and gas causes less air pollution. Thus the government intended to promote the use of the above sources of energy in order to conserve the environment (National-grid 2007). The success of this strategy can be illustrated by figure 5 below. Before introducing the subsidy, the equilibrium price was P 1 while the equilibrium quantity was Q 1. However, the price paid by the buyers reduced to P 2 after the introduction of the subsidy. The price received by the sellers increased to P 2+ Z, where Z represents the amount of subsidy per unit. Since P 2+ Z is higher than the initial equilibrium price, the sellers increased the quantity supplied from Q 1 to Q 2. The overall effect of the subsidy was a reduction in the price of electricity and gas as well as an increase in their demand. Figure 5: subsidy P: price Q: quantity S: supply Z: subsidy References Frank, R, Bernanke, B Kaufman, R 2007, Principles of economics, McGraw-Hill, New York. National-grid 2007, The use gas and electricity distribution price control, https://www.nationalgrid.com/. Pindyck, R Robinfeld, D 2009, Microeconomics, Pearson, New York. This assessment on Minimum Price for Alcohol was written and submitted by user Aria N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.